Italy

Fund raising in Italy is deeply rooted in antiquity. We could go as far as to maintain that it was born 2000 years ago at the age of the Roman empire. Seneca and Cicero (De Officiis) might be regarded as the first two theorists of fund raising, not to mention the golden age of the Renaissance and patronage of arts. At that time the government, i.e., the emperor, did not exert the same functions as today, but we are well aware of all that was done for the arts, culture, sciences and nursing. This must be our starting point, leaving aside the American culture for a moment, which came on stage three centuries later.